CD19 is a surface glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. It is expressed during all stages of B cell development until terminal plasma cell differentiation and is considered the earliest and broadest B-cell marker. CD19 forms a signal transduction complex on the surface of B cells with CD21, CD81, and CD225, which reduce the threshold for antigen-initiated B cell activation. CD19 is also involved in B cell development and immunoglobulin-mediate B cell activation.
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